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Author:   Sara N. Khaled Affiliation:   Independent Researcher Abstract Branding has transformed dramatically in the digital era. It no longer functions as a simple visual identity system but has evolved into a psychological, emotional, and cultural experience shaped by continuous digital interactions. This article examines how branding operates at the psychological level in today’s interconnected digital world, emphasizing how consumers form emotional bonds, build identity,

Author:  Karim El-Sayed Affiliation:  Independent Researcher Abstract Global talent mobility has emerged as one of the most influential forces shaping labor markets in the early twenty-first century. Across regions, the movement of skilled professionals, international students, remote workers, and digital nomads is accelerating, even as governments attempt to balance the competing pressures of economic competitiveness, demographic change, political resistance to migration, an

Author:  Lina Mansour Affiliation:  Independent Researcher Abstract Global leadership today unfolds in an environment characterized by unprecedented mobility of people, capital, information, and cultural practices. As multinational enterprises (MNEs), international organizations, and transnational civil-society networks increasingly operate across borders, the demands placed on leaders extend far beyond technical expertise. They must navigate linguistic complexity, cross-cult

Author: Sara Khoury Affiliation: Independent Researcher Abstract Global corporate culture has become one of the most visible markers of organizational identity and legitimacy in the twenty-first century. Across industries and continents, multinational enterprises (MNEs) increasingly display convergent cultural scripts emphasizing sustainability, diversity, agility, innovation, transparency, and formalized values. Although this convergence may appear natural, it is the outcome

Author: Nadia El-Khatib Affiliation: Independent Researcher Abstract The regulation of international business has become one of the defining challenges of the twenty-first-century global economy. As multinational enterprises expand across jurisdictions, they encounter multiple systems of rules, soft-law standards, and governance expectations that shape how they produce, trade, innovate, and compete. Contrary to the view that regulation is purely technical or neutral, this art

Author:  Dr. Samir Khalil Affiliation:  Independent Researcher Abstract Regional integration has become a major force shaping contemporary patterns of production, investment, and trade. As neighbouring states deepen economic cooperation, they increasingly participate in cross-border value chains in which tasks are distributed across several economies rather than concentrated in a single country. These regional production systems link firms and institutions through shared regu

As emerging markets consolidate their role in global economic, social, and technological transformation, their managers increasingly operate across borders, navigating diverse regulatory systems, cultural expectations, and institutional pressures. This article examines how cultural capital—understood through Pierre Bourdieu’s typology of embodied, objectified, and institutionalized forms—shapes management practices for firms and leaders originating from emerging markets. By i

Author: Layla Omar — Affiliation: Independent Researcher Abstract For more than three decades, globalization was commonly described as a process of deepening economic integration led mainly by advanced Western economies. Trade liberalization, global value chains, and cross-border investment created a world in which production and finance were organized on a truly global scale. In the 2020s, this narrative is being challenged. Geopolitical tensions, trade wars, industrial poli

Author: Sara El-Masri — Affiliation: Independent Researcher Abstract International business and globalization are undergoing a profound reconfiguration. For several decades, globalization was associated with trade liberalization, the expansion of global value chains, and the rapid growth of cross-border investment and production. In the 2020s, this narrative has become more complex. The world economy now combines continued integration—especially through digital trade and cros

The COVID-19 pandemic was not only a global health crisis; it was a stress test for risk management systems in organizations, governments, and communities around the world. Many traditional approaches focused on isolated risks, linear planning, and static assumptions. The pandemic exposed how inadequate such models can be when facing systemic, cascading, and long-lasting disruptions. In the post-pandemic world, risk management is no longer an optional support function; it has

Cost leadership has long been recognized as one of the core strategies firms use to compete in dynamic markets. Traditionally associated with achieving the lowest possible operating costs, the concept has evolved significantly in the last decade. Strategic accounting—once viewed primarily as a financial reporting function—has become a central driver in designing cost structures, enabling value creation, and shaping organizational strategy. In the context of global competition

Digital currencies have moved from the margins of finance to the center of debates on the future of money. From cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin and Ethereum to stablecoins and central bank digital currencies (CBDCs), new forms of digital value are reshaping how payments, savings, and cross-border transactions are organized. This article examines how digital currencies are transforming monetary systems by combining empirical analysis with three complementary theoretical lense

Author:  Dr. Nadia Karim Affiliation:  Independent Researcher Abstract Green finance has transformed from a marginal niche within global markets into a central pillar shaping investment decisions, regulatory expectations, and long-term financial strategies. Today, sustainable investment portfolios integrate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria, green bonds, climate transition instruments, renewable-energy assets, nature-based solutions, and impact-driven strat

Author: Dr. Nadia El-Khalil Affiliation: Independent Researcher Abstract Investor behavior has long fascinated economists, psychologists, and financial scholars. Behavioral finance challenges the classical view that investors are rational decision-makers who efficiently process information. Instead, decades of empirical research clearly show that cognitive biases, emotional responses, social influences, and institutional pressures shape how individuals and organizations make

Author:  Dr. Karim Al Mansour Affiliation:  Independent Researcher Abstract Global markets have entered an extended period of uncertainty shaped by geopolitical tensions, inflationary pressures, rapid monetary tightening, climate-related shocks, and technological disruptions. Corporate valuation—already a complex methodological exercise—has become far more difficult as firms operate in a world where risk, volatility, and structural inequalities shape the distribution of finan

Abstract Trust is one of the most fundamental conditions for the functioning of global capitalism. Financial markets, digital transactions, savings systems, and investment flows all depend on the belief that institutions will act fairly, transparently, and responsibly. In recent years, however, public trust in financial systems has been declining. People increasingly feel that the rules of global capitalism benefit powerful actors while exposing ordinary individuals and perip

Author:   Aibek Karimov Affiliation:   Independent Researcher Abstract Innovation increasingly defines the competitive strength of nations, industries, and firms. Yet behind every breakthrough idea, there is a fundamental requirement that determines whether innovation flourishes or fades: financing. Venture capital (VC) has become one of the most prominent and influential mechanisms used worldwide to fund early-stage and high-growth technological innovation. It supports start

Innovation is widely recognized as the engine of long-run growth, productivity, and social mobility. Yet many emerging economies struggle to convert ideas into marketable products and services at scale. This article examines the institutional barriers that impede innovation in emerging economies and proposes actionable reforms to unlock inclusive, sustainable growth. Using a theory-informed framework that combines Bourdieu’s forms of capital, world-systems analysis, and insti

Abstract Digital disruption is no longer an episodic shock; it is a continuous, cumulative process that rewires the economics, coordination, and cultural logic of industries. This article examines how traditional business models are being reinvented under conditions of rapid technological change. The discussion integrates three complementary theoretical lenses—Bourdieu’s theory of capital and fields, world-systems analysis, and institutional isomorphism—to explain why some or

Abstract Transnational entrepreneurship has moved from a niche topic to a mainstream driver of growth, innovation, and job creation. Enabled by digital platforms, global production networks, and highly mobile talent, entrepreneurs increasingly design firms that are “born transnational”—assembling resources across borders, selling to multiple markets from day one, and building organizational routines that thrive in regulatory and cultural diversity. This article explains how s