Abstract This article examines the reported loss of millions of Instagram followers by Cristiano Ronaldo and Lionel Messi after a large platform clean-up of fake, bot, or inactive accounts. The case is useful for students of digital sociology, media studies, marketing, and consumer behavior because it shows the difference between public numbers and cultural influence. In social media, fame is often measured through visible metrics such as followers, likes, shares, comments, a

The growing use of artificial intelligence in consumer platforms is changing not only how services operate, but also how people present themselves, make decisions, and relate to others. Dating platforms offer a particularly useful site for studying this shift because they sit at the intersection of identity, emotion, market logic, and algorithmic design. The recent introduction of AI-supported features on Tinder, including tools related to profile construction, matching, and

Author: Karim El-Mansouri Affiliation: Independent Researcher Abstract Cybersecurity has evolved from a specialized technical function to one of the most consequential governance concerns confronting modern enterprises. In an increasingly interconnected global economy, firms rely on digital infrastructures that expose them to systemic vulnerabilities, transnational cybercrime, geopolitical risks, and complex regulatory expectations. This article examines cybersecurity governa