Author:  A. Morgan Affiliation:  Independent Researcher Abstract Generative AI systems are rapidly becoming a first-stop “answer layer” for consumers who previously relied on search engines, maps, review sites, or social media discovery. For many users—especially younger adults—asking an AI assistant where to go, what to buy, and which provider to trust  now feels easier than comparing dozens of links. This shift changes the competitive environment for small businesses. Inste

Author: Nadia Karim – Independent Researcher Abstract Global marketing is no longer about simply exporting a product and translating a slogan. As brands move across borders, they enter complex cultural fields shaped by history, power, class, and institutions. This article examines how culture influences global marketing strategies by integrating three major sociological perspectives: Bourdieu’s theory of capital and fields, world-systems theory, and institutional isomorphism.

Author:  Dr. Nadia Fernández Affiliation:  Independent Researcher Abstract Marketing and consumer behavior have become more deeply interconnected than ever before, especially with the rise of digital platforms, artificial intelligence (AI), and data-driven decision-making. Consumers today live in an environment defined by constant connectivity, algorithmic curation, and rapid trend cycles. Marketers, in response, use sophisticated tools that track behavior, predict preference