Author:  Elias Marwan Affiliation:  Independent Researcher Abstract Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has transitioned from a voluntary philanthropic act to a fundamental component of modern business strategy. Mainstream research focusses on CSR's effects on ethics, sustainability, and stakeholder engagement, but the deeper sociological roles of CSR are still not well understood. This article contends that CSR serves not only as a moral obligation but also as a means of c